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Research Proposal
Motivation
Speech understanding
Inferior colliculus lesions
Brainstem aphasia
Plan
fMRI of the inferior colliculi
Subjects
Testing strategies
Anticipated results

Working hypotheses
Language areas on fMRI
Effects of asphyxia at birth
Maturation of the brain
Time-table of myelination
Learning to speak "by ear"
Metabolism in the brain
Protective mechanisms
Catastrophic factors
Brainstem damage

References:
Learning problems [108-113]
Auditory and learning problems in children who were late learning to speak
108.        Cunningham J, Nicol T, Zecker SG, Bradlow A, Kraus N.Neurobiologic responses
to speech in noise in children with learning problems: deficits and strategies for
improvement. Clin Neurophysiol. 2001 May;112(5):758-67.
109.        Cunningham J, Nicol T, King C, Zecker SG, Kraus N. (2002) Effects of noise and
cue enhancement on neural responses to speech in auditory midbrain, thalamus and cortex.
Hear Res. 2002 Jul;169(1-2):97-111.
110.        Rescorla L, Roberts J. Nominal versus verbal morpheme use in late talkers at ages
3 and 4. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2002 Dec;45(6):1219-31.
111.        Kuhl PK, Coffey-Corina S, Padden D, Dawson G.Links between social and
linguistic processing of speech in preschool children with autism: behavioral and
electrophysiological measures. Dev Sci. 2005 Jan;8(1):F1-F12.
112.        Rescorla L. Age 13 language and reading outcomes in late-talking toddlers. J
Speech Lang Hear Res. 2005 Apr;48(2):459-72.
113.        Weber C, Hahne A, Friedrich M, Friederici AD.Reduced stress pattern
discrimination in 5-month-olds as a marker of risk for later language impairment:
neurophysiologial evidence.Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2005 Sep;25(1):180-7.
January 2006
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Working version
under construction